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Pantethine is the stable metabolically active form of pantothenic acid or vitamin B5. Pantethine is a vital component of coenzyme A, a cofactor for dozens of enzymatic reactions including those involved with fat and carbohydrate metabolism. Pantethine appears to help metabolize fatty acids by activation of coenzyme A promotion of carnitine transport of fatty acids into the mitochondria and subsequent intra-mitochondrial oxidation of fatty acids.* All of these help improve energy production in every cell of the body.
Consequently pantethine supplementation has been found to support good cardiovascular health. In addition increases in beneficial HDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein A1 have been noted in association with pantethine supplementation. Apolipoprotein A1 is the major protein component of HDL and promotes cholesterol removal from tissues to the liver for excretion.
Pantethine is also considered the "anti-stress" vitamin because it supports healthy adrenal cortex function and hormone synthesis particularly during times of stress. Pantothenic acid deficiency can result in adrenal atrophy which is characterized by increased fatigue sleep disturbances nausea and abdominal discomfort.